Navigating the Labyrinth: Understanding Dementia’s Effect on the Brain and the Role of Educational Therapy-Based Interventions in Dementia Treatment

Guo Hui XIE; Meng Kiat TAN

doi:10.64663/aet.30

Authors

Guo Hui XIE Merlion Paediatric Therapy Clinic, Singapore https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3645-2602
Meng Kiat TAN Merlion Paediatric Therapy Clinic, Singapore https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4044-3015

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64663/aet.30

Keywords:

Acetylcholine, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Cortical lobes, Dementia, Educational therapy, Hippocampus

Abstract

Dementia presents a profound challenge to cognitive function, impacting various regions of the brain, including the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, as well as the hippocampus. This article explores the specific effects of dementia on these brain regions, the interplay of acetylcholine (ACh) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the implications for cognitive decline and memory loss. Current research suggests that dementia-related changes in the brain involve cortical thinning, neuronal loss, and alterations in synaptic connectivity, leading to impairments in memory, executive function, spatial awareness, and visual processing. Of particular significance is the role of the hippocampus in memory formation and retrieval, which is often one of the earliest brain regions affected by dementia pathology. In addition, educational therapy is also mentioned as a promising approach to dementia treatment by providing tailored interventions to address cognitive deficits and enhance remaining cognitive abilities. By incorporating strategies such as cognitive stimulation, memory training, problem-solving exercises, and multisensory learning techniques, educational therapy aims to optimize brain function and improve overall quality of life for individuals living with dementia. Moreover, educational therapy interventions can be adapted to suit the specific needs and preferences of each individual, promoting personalized care and maximizing therapeutic benefits.

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